漁翁 An Old Fisherman - 柳宗元 Liu Zongyuan

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江雪 River Snow

漁翁夜傍西巖宿
曉汲清湘燃楚燭
煙銷日出不見人
欸乃一聲山水綠
迴看天際下中流
巖上無心雲相逐

AN OLD FISHERMAN

An old fisherman spent the night here, under the western cliff;
He dipped up water from the pure Hsiang and made a bamboo fire;
And then, at sunrise, he went his way through the cloven mist,
With only the creak of his paddle left, in the greenness of mountain and river.
I turn and see the waves moving as from heaven,
And clouds above the cliffs coming idly, one by one.

傍晚,漁翁把船停泊在西山下息宿;拂曉,他汲起湘江清水又燃起楚竹。煙銷雲散旭日初升,不見他的人影;聽得乃一聲櫓響,忽見山青水綠。回身一看,他已駕舟行至天際中流;山岩頂上,只有無心白雲相互追逐。

唐順宗時,柳宗元任禮部員外郎。曾積極參加王叔文集團革新政治。革新失敗後,被貶為永州司馬時,作了這首山水小詩。 詩寫了一個在山青水綠之處自遣自歌,獨往獨來的“漁翁”,藉以透露作者寄情山水的思想和寓寄政治失意的孤憤。 詩的首二句是寫夜、寫晨。第一句平實自然,第二句卻奇峰突起,用語奇特。 “汲清湘”,“燃楚竹”,可謂超凡絕俗。 三、四句為怪奇,寫“煙銷日出”,卻“不見人”了,忽然“款乃一聲”人在遠方“青山綠水中”。 這種奇趣的造語,勾勒出了悅耳怡情的神祕境界,從而可以透視詩人宦途坎坷的孤寂心境。 結尾二句,進一步渲染孤寂氛圍。 “回看天際”只有“無心”白雲繚繞尾隨,可謂餘音繞樑。 “款乃一聲山水綠”句,歷來為詩人所玩賞稱讚。 “綠”雖是一字之微,然而全境俱活。