春望 A Spring View - 杜甫 Du Fu

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春望 A Spring View - 杜甫 Du Fu

國破山河在
城春草木深
感時花濺淚
恨別鳥驚心
烽火連三月
家書抵萬金
白頭搔更短
渾欲不勝簪

Though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure;
And spring comes green again to trees and grasses
Where petals have been shed like tears
And lonely birds have sung their grief.
...After the war-fires of three months,
One message from home is worth a ton of gold.
...I stroke my white hair. It has grown too thin
To hold the hairpins any more.

譯文

賞析

公元756年六月叛軍攻下長安,肅宗在靈武即位。杜甫隻身投奔肅宗,途中被叛軍俘獲,帶到長安,但因官職卑微而未被囚禁,次年三月寫下此詩。

春望所見何物?大好河山未改而國破家離,都城殘敗、遍地亂草、樹木空自淒青。首聯寄情於物、托感於景,詩情曲折、工巧自然,出手不凡。次聯進一步把感時恨別而墮淚驚心的感情寄托於本來是喜心悅目的花鳥身上,更顯出作者心中情感之強烈。戰爭連續到次年三月,造成音信不通、消息斷絕,此情人人能解,因此「家書抵萬金」極易引起讀者共鳴,宜其成為千古名句,流傳至今。心中愁悶便頻頻搔首,乃至發落稀疏、新發短淺,連簪子都幾乎要別不住了,足見憂愁之深長不斷。且於家國之恨外,又見白髮衰落、老之將至,更增一層垂暮之哀。